Here is a brief on the services available in SharePoint 2010:
1. Access Database Service
Enables the publishing of Access databases to SharePoint 2010 to share them with others and to use Access site
templates. Requires Microsoft Office Access
2010 to create and publish databases. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Feature, Access
Services Farm Feature.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Servers, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Access Services.
References:
2. Application Registry Service
Stores application definitions that are compatible with the Office SharePoint Server 2007 Business Data Catalog
object model.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note: This service is not configurable.
3. Business Data Connectivity Service
Enables you to surface external data systems in SharePoint 2010 technology. This service provides connectivity
to various types of external line-of-business
(LOB) data systems. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Feature, Offline Synchronization for
External Lists.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Business Data Connectivity Service
References:
4. Central Administration
Runs the Central Administration site.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note This service is not configurable.
5. Claims to Windows Token Service
Enables a feature of Windows Identity Foundation that generates impersonation-level Windows security tokens
so applications can impersonate users and access external back-end resources, such as SQL Server databases.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note This service is not configurable
References:
6. Document Conversions Launcher Service
Performs automated bulk document conversions. Schedules and initiates the conversion of documents on a server.
When actively converting, this service will
fully utilize one CPU for each worker process (configured in Central Administration). If the service is started on
multiple servers, a job will be shared
across all the servers. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Features, SharePoint Server Publishing,
SharePoint Server Publishing
Infrastructure, and Publishing Approval Workflow.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
d. In the list of services, click Document Conversions Launcher Service.
References:
7. Document Conversions Load Balancer Service
Balances document conversion requests from across the server farm. Each Web application can only have one
load
balancer registered with it at a time. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Features, SharePoint
Server Publishing, SharePoint Server Publishing Infrastructure, and Publishing Approval Workflow.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
d. In the list of services, click Document Conversions Load Balancer Service.
References:
8. Excel Calculation Services (Office Web Applications)
Enables the Excel Services Web Part, which makes it simple to use, share, secure, and manage Office Excel
workbooks (.xslx, .xslb, .xlsm) as interactive reports and dashboards in a consistent way. Also used to prepare
Office Excel workbooks for viewing
and editing in a Web browser. Office Web Apps Services is a related service. Requires Microsoft Office
Excel 2010 to create and publish workbooks.
This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Features, Office Web Apps, Excel Services Application Edit
Farm Feature, Excel Services Application View Farm Feature, and Excel Services Application Web Part Farm
Feature.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Excel Services Application.
References:
9. Lotus Notes Connector
Enables Lotus Notes Domino Servers to be crawled and searched by SharePoint Search 2010. Required to be
running on at least one server in the farm, but can also be extended on more than one server to scale-out
performance.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note This service is not configurable.
References:
10. Managed Metadata Web Service
Enables access to managed taxonomy hierarchies, the keywords and social tagging infrastructure, and content
type publishing across site collections. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Feature, Metadata
Navigation and Filtering.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Managed Metadata Service.
References:
11. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Administration Service (SPAdminV4)
A required service that runs on all servers in a Microsoft SharePoint Foundation 2010 farm. This service performs
multiple operations on the local server
computers that require local administrator permissions for operations; for example, creating and deleting Web
applications and service applications, and starting and stopping services. If this service is not running on any
server in a SharePoint Foundation 2010 farm, administrative operations can fail or partially succeed.
To re-start this service: At the command prompt, type:
SC CONFIG SPAdminV4 start= auto
SC START SPAdminV4
Note: This service is not configurable
12. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Incoming E-Mail
Enables SharePoint sites to receive and store e-mail messages and attachments in lists and libraries. Also
enables the E-mail a Link command in the ribbon.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note This service is not configurable.
References:
13. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Sandboxed Code Service
Enables sandboxed code solutions to run in a restricted execution environment so that problems that occur in
the sandbox do not adversely affect the rest of the server environment.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note: This service is not configurable
References:
14. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Subscription Settings Service
Tracks subscription IDs and settings for services that are deployed in multitenant mode or if the farm includes
sites using site subscriptions.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note: This service is not configurable.
15. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Tracing (SPTrace)
A required service on all Microsoft SharePoint Foundation servers that logs error messages on the server in the
trace logs.
To re-start this service, at the command prompt, type:
net start SPTrace
Note: This service is not configurable.
References:
16. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Web Application
Runs a web application, which is an Internet Information Services (IIS) Web site that is created and used by
SharePoint 2010 technology.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note: This service is not configurable
17. Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Workflow Timer Service
Runs most system tasks.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
d. In the list of services, click Microsoft SharePoint Foundation Workflow Timer Service.
18. Office Web Apps Services
A collection of three services: Excel Calculation Services, PowerPoint Service, and Word Viewing Service. Office
Web apps is a web-based productivity offering from Microsoft Office 2010 that includes four products: Office Word
app, Office Excel app, Office PowerPoint app, and Office OneNote 2010 app, which is the only web app that does
not use a service. Requires Microsoft Office 2010 Standard or Professional and Office Web Apps to be installed
on SharePoint 2010 technology. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Feature, Office Web Apps.
References:
19. PerformancePoint Service
Enables PerformancePoint functionality to create rich, interactive, visual, and context-driven dashboards and
scorecards as part of a comprehensive business intelligence solution. This SharePoint service has the related
SharePoint Features, PerformancePoint Services Site Collection Features and PerformancePoint Services Site
Features.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
Note: Before configuring this service, make sure the Secure Store Service has been started, and then configure
the unattended service account.
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click PerformancePoint Service Application.
References:
20. PowerPivot Service
Used to manage the PowerPivot application database, balance loads, collect data and perform automatic data
refresh. SQL PowerPivot is an add-in to Office Excel 2010 and is used to combine and analyze extremely large
amounts of data almost instantly. Requires PowerPivot Excel Add-in reports in SharePoint to be installed.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click PowerPivot Service Application.
References:
21. PowerPoint Service (Office Web Applications)
Used to prepare Office PowerPoint presentations for viewing and editing in a Web browser. See also the
SharePoint service, Office Web Apps Services. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Feature,
Office Web Apps.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click PowerPoint Service Application.
References:
22. Project Application Service
Hosts one or more Microsoft Project Web Access instances, exposes scheduling functionality and other
middle-tier calculations on Microsoft Project data, and exposes Web services for interacting with Microsoft
Project 2010 data. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Features, Project Server Approval Content
Type, Project Web App Ribbon, Sample Proposal, Project Proposal Workflow, and Project Sites Collaboration
Lists.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Project Server Service Application.
References:
23. Report Service
Manages service communication, accounts, report management, and database access. This SharePoint Service
has the related SharePoint Feature, Report Server Integration Feature.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click General Application Settings.
c. On the General Application Settings page, under Reporting Services, click Add a Report Server to the
Integration.
d. Use the Service configuration page to view or modify the default server settings for Reporting Services.
References:
24. Search Query and Site Settings Service
Crawls content, produces index partitions, handles site settings, processes search queries, and runs the query
processor. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Features, SharePoint Server Site Search,
SharePoint Server Enterprise Search, and Search Server Web Parts.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Search Service Application.
References:
25. Secure Store Service
Provides single sign-on (SSO) authentication to access multiple applications or services.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Secure Store Service.
References:
26. SharePoint Foundation Search
Enable the Help search functionality in SharePoint Foundation 2010.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
d. In the list of services, click SharePoint Foundation Help Search.
27. SharePoint Server Search
Hosts the query process for the full text index and the indexer process for SharePoint Server 2010 search
capabilities. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Features, SharePoint Server Site Search,
SharePoint Server Enterprise Search, and Search Server Web Parts.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
d. In the list of services, click SharePoint Server Search.
References:
28. State Service
Provides temporary storage of user session data for SharePoint Server components.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
Note This service is not configurable.
Reference:
29. Usage and Health Data Collection
Collects farm wide usage and health data and provides the ability to view various usage and health reports.
This service is works with SharePoint Health
Analyzer, which uses an extensible, rules-based engine to monitor farm health, automatically fix common
configuration and performance issues, automate analysis with the SharePoint Best Practices Analyzer, and help
administrators find other issues across all servers through a “Problems and solutions page” in Central
Administration. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Feature, Advanced Web Analytics.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Usage and Health data collection.
References:
30. User Profile Service
Adds support for My Sites, Profile pages, social tagging and other social computing features. This SharePoint
service has the related SharePoint Features, SharePoint Server Standard Site Collection Features, SharePoint
Server Standard Web Application Features, SharePoint Server Standard Site Features, and Social Tags and Note
Board Ribbon Controls.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click User Profile Service Application.
References:
31. User Profile Synchronization Service
Stores social information about users in a central location and enables many social computing features, such as
My Sites, social tagging, and newsfeeds. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Features, SharePoint
Server Standard Site Collection Features, SharePoint Server Standard Web Application Features, SharePoint
Server Standard Site Features, and Social Tags and Note Board Ribbon Controls.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note This service is not configurable.
Reference:
32. Visio Graphics Service
Enables the publishing and viewing of static or refreshable, data-linked Visio Web Drawings rendered in a browser
using Microsoft Silverlight or PNG format, as well as Visio workflow visualization. Requires Microsoft Visio 2010
Professional and Premium editions to create and publish diagrams. This SharePoint service has the related
SharePoint Features, Visio Process Repository and Visio Web Access.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Visio Graphics Service.
References:
33. Web Analytics Data Processing Service
Provides the web service interfaces for Web Analytics. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint
Feature, Advanced Web Analytics.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note: This service is not configurable.
34. Web Analytics Web Service
Provides rich insights into your web traffic, search, and assets to better understand your users and deployments
, and to tailor and optimize your sites. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Feature, Advanced Web
Analytics.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
Note: This service is not configurable.
35. Word Automation Services
Enables automated bulk document conversions through a scalable engine that delivers save, export, and print
capabilities for Word Documents. When combined with the Office Open XML SDK, Word Automation Services
supports document creation, manipulation and renditions as well as integration with line of business systems for
generating content based on structured data sources.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Word Automation Services
Reference:
36. Word Viewing Service (Office Web Applications)
Used to prepare Office Word documents for viewing and editing in a Web browser. See also the SharePoint
service, Office Web Apps Services. This SharePoint service has the related SharePoint Feature, Office Web
Apps.
To start or stop this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click System Settings.
c. On the System Settings page, under Services, click Manage services on server.
To configure this service:
a. Navigate to Central Administration for the farm.
b. On the Quick Launch, click Application Management.
c. On the Application Management page, under Service Applications, click Manage service applications.
d. In the list of services, click Word Viewing Service.
Thanks to Mark Gillis, most of the information provided above refers to his white paper titled "Understanding
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